typing overhaul + pre-commit updates

[elpekenin]

STILL WIP!!!

For a bit of a background, Im planning to go off the list of open typing issues and fix stuff. First one in the list was some BLE-related one, and when i cloned it and started working, noticed that mypy wasn't ignoring this (adafruit_ble) module due to the lack of py.typed on it. Then decided to open a quick PR to simply add such empty marker file... But, surprise, typing was very broken, so here we are, fixing it ;)

Notes

• Perhaps should undo changes to optional-requirements.txt
• Depends on changes i've PRed to the circuitpython repository itself (a couple of wrong type-hints in doc comments in the C code), i locally patched my circuitpython-stubs to run the tests
• Added assert on some places to concrete Union and Optional down to one of their options.
  • There are now a few lines of code running assert foo is not None before doing foo.bar on the very next line.
  • I'm retty sure these asserts will not break code that was working until now.
  • Letting you know just in case
• Testing is welcome, i dont have any BLE boards
• py.typed will be added on the final commit, when every single file passes the checks

While working on this, i've made a couple upgrades to pre-commit's config

• Add isort
• Upgrade pylint (old version does not build/install on Py312)
• Add mypy

Right now, only a couple errors are left. These, for some reason, are not spotted when running pre-commit run --all-files but i get them running $ mypy adafruit_ble manually. Would like to know what the cause for this is, maybe related to pre-commit using its own virtual environment....

[elpekenin]

Working on better mypy integration